Burns/Scalds

Apply copious amounts of cold water until the pain subsides. This may take 15 minutes. If the skin is blistered but unbroken, apply a clean dry dressing. If the burn or scald is over 15 cm in diameter arrange to see the doctor or nurse. Large burns, facial or chemical burns should go straight to Casualty—especially if the eyes or mouth are involved.

Sunburn

Treat as for other burns with cold water to remove the heat. Calamine lotion will relieve the irritation whilst paracetamol will also help. Children are particularly susceptible to sunburn and great care should be taken to avoid over-exposure to the harmful effects of the sun.

Apply adequate sunscreen to all exposed areas of skin. Drink plenty of fluids!

German Measles

This is characterised by a rash covering the trunk and limbs in pinkish spots 2-4mm in size that is not itchy. Achy joints sometimes occur and children may appear slightly off colour, but otherwise quite well.

German Measles is infectious from 2 days prior to the appearance of the rash until it goes in approximately 4 days. It is only dangerous to unborn babies, so it is considerate to avoid pregnant women. Ask at the surgery for information about immunisation which will prevent this disease.

Chickenpox

This is characterised by a rash appearing on the trunk, limbs or head including the scalp, comprising small red spots which turn into blisters within a few hours. Fresh spots appear for 4-6 days, then they crust and eventually the scabs fall off. It is infectious from 2 days prior to the rash appearing until all the spots have crusted over. Calamine lotion helps the associated itching and paracetamol syrup will help if the child has a fever.

Mumps

This presents as swelling of the salivary glands in front of one or both ears. It is infectious from 3 days prior to the swelling appearing until the swelling has subsided. Paracetamol syrup can be given if there is a fever or pain. All children should be immunised against mumps.

Measles

With measles, a blotchy red rash covers the face and body. Usually a cough is present and the nose and eyes run. The sufferer feels quite unwell and often has a high temperature. Again, Paracetamol will help the symptoms. All
children should be immunised against Measles.

Temperature and fevers

Temperatures occur with many common minor infections. In children the temperature can rise quickly in response to virus infections and it is important to give Paracetamol syrup to help to control this. If the child still appears hot, they should be sponged with tepid water. Don’t ‘overdress’ a child who has a temperature - it will probably make the temperature worse.

Rubella (German Measles)

Women who are planning a pregnancy are advised to have a blood test at least 4 months before conceiving to test for immunity to German Measles. Immunisation can then be given if required.

Tetanus

Five tetanus injections will last a lifetime.

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